β-Si
3N
4 fibers were fabricated through combustion synthesis (CS) process.Droplets composed of Si and Al at the tip of fibers were found. It is concluded that the growth of
β-Si
3N
4 fibers is controled mainly by VLS mechanism. Hexagonal colummna single crystal
β-Si
3N
4 with smooth surface and without any default was also found in the conbustion process of silicon powder. VC process is the controled mechanism for the growth of colummna single crystal
β-Si
3N
4.