Effect of bedding dip on energy evolution and rockburst tendency of loaded phyllite
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摘要: 選擇5種不同層理傾角的千枚巖進行單軸一次加卸載試驗，探討層理傾角對千枚巖變形破壞過程中能量演化及巖爆傾向性影響.試驗結果如下：各巖樣應變能演化相似，在應力峰值前表現為能量積聚，峰值后為能量釋放和耗散.但隨著層理傾角的增大，其儲能極限、殘余彈性能和最大耗散能均呈U型變化，通過擬合在60°均取得最小值；隨層理傾角增大，在峰前巖樣的彈性能比例值呈倒U型變化，其中在60°取得最大值，表明峰前在60°處用于層理壓密做的功最少.而且在峰前最大彈性能比例隨層理傾角增加變化幅值較小，體現出峰前層理傾角對儲能效率影響較小.在峰后彈性能比例下降幅度大小為60° > 30° > 45° > 90° > 0°，說明含0°層理巖樣的峰后裂隙發育最不充分表現出的脆性最大；結合彈性變形能指數(Wet)和沖擊能量指數(Wcf)的優點建立新判據儲能性能和峰后繼續破壞耗散能的比例(W)，并計算各傾角巖樣的W值，其從小到大為60°→45°→30°→90°→0°.Abstract: During the mining of deeply metal ore bodies, the accumulation and release of the strain energy of the surrounding rock is one of the causes of catastrophes. However, there are a large number of random distribution joints and fractures in a rock mass, which makes the evolution of strain energy more complicated and the catastrophe more difficult to predict. Therefore, five phyllites with different bedding dip angles were selected for uniaxial loading and unloading tests to investigate the effects of bedding dips on energy evolution and rock burst tendency during deformation and failure of phyllites. The strain energy evolutions of each rock sample are similar, showing energy accumulation before the peak stress and energy release and dissipation after the peak stress. However, with the increase of the bedding dip angle, the energy storage limit, residual elastic energy, and maximum dissipation energy show U-shape, and the minimum value is obtained at 60° by fitting. With the increase of the bedding dip angle, the ratio of the elastic energy of rock samples changes in an inverted U-shape before the peak, and the maximum value is obtained at 60°, indicating that the minimum work is done for bedding dip angle at 60° before peak. Moreover, the maximum elastic energy efficiency changes slightly with the increase of the bedding dip, which shows that the influence of bedding dip angle on the energy storage efficiency is small before the peak. After the peak, the decrease range of the elastic energy ratio is 60°→45°→ 30°→ 90°→0°, indicating that the post-peak fracture of the rock sample with 90° is the least developed and shows the greatest lithologic brittleness. A new criterion modified impact energy index (W) was established by combining the advantages of elastic deformation energy index (Wet) and impact energy index (Wcf). The W value of rock samples is calculated as 60°→45°→30°→90°→0° from small to large.
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圖 3 單軸一次加卸載的應力-應變曲線
Figure 3. Stress strain curves of uniaxial loading and unloading at one time
圖 4 不同層理傾角巖樣一次循環加卸載應力-應變曲線.(a)0°、30°和60°；(b)0°、45°和90°
Figure 4. Stress strain curve of loading and unloading specimens under different bedding angles: (a)0°, 30°, and 60°; (b)0°, 45°, and 90°
圖 5 不同層理傾角下千枚巖的能量演化曲線.(a)輸入總能量；(b)彈性應變能；(c)耗散能
Figure 5. Energy evolution curves of phyllite under different energy bedding angles: (a)input of total energy; (b)elastic strain energy; (c)dissipative energy
圖 6 能量特征參數隨層理傾角變化
Figure 6. Variation of energy characteristic parameters with the lamination angle
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圖 8 不同層理傾角下指標變化曲線.(a)Wet；(b)Wcf；(c)W
Figure 8. Variation curves of index under different bedding dip angles: (a)Wet; (b)Wcf; (c)W
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